Clark R A
Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, SUNY, Stony Brook 11794-8165.
Am J Med Sci. 1993 Jul;306(1):42-8. doi: 10.1097/00000441-199307000-00011.
Fibroblast accumulation in a cutaneous wound requires phenotypic modulation of fibroblasts. In response to injury, resident fibroblasts in the surrounding tissue proliferate for the first 3 days and then at day 4 migrate into the wounded site. Once within the wound, they produce type I procollagen as well as other matrix molecules and deposit these extracellular matrix molecules in the local milieu. By day 7, abundant extracellular matrix has accumulated and fibroblasts switch to a myofibroblast phenotype replete with actin bundles along the cytoplasmic face of the plasma membrane. Wound contraction occurs as these myofibroblast gather in the wound extracellular matrix by extending pseudopodia, attaching to extracellular matrix molecules, such as fibronectin and collagen, then retracting the pseudopodia. Once these processes have been accomplished, the fibroblasts appear to undergo apoptosis. Therefore, during cutaneous wound repair, fibroblasts appear to progress through four phenotypes: first proliferating, second migrating, third synthesizing extracellular matrix molecules, and fourth expressing thick actin bundles as myofibroblasts.
皮肤伤口中出现成纤维细胞聚集需要成纤维细胞发生表型调节。受伤后，周围组织中的驻留成纤维细胞在最初3天进行增殖，然后在第4天迁移到伤口部位。一旦进入伤口，它们就会产生I型前胶原以及其他基质分子，并将这些细胞外基质分子沉积在局部环境中。到第7天，大量的细胞外基质已经积累，成纤维细胞转变为肌成纤维细胞表型，在质膜的细胞质面上充满肌动蛋白束。当这些肌成纤维细胞通过伸出伪足聚集在伤口细胞外基质中，附着于细胞外基质分子（如纤连蛋白和胶原蛋白），然后缩回伪足时，伤口就会收缩。一旦这些过程完成，成纤维细胞似乎会发生凋亡。因此，在皮肤伤口修复过程中，成纤维细胞似乎会经历四种表型：首先是增殖，其次是迁移，第三是合成细胞外基质分子，第四是作为肌成纤维细胞表达粗大的肌动蛋白束。
