Rahman S, Barr W, Hilton E
Division of Infectious Diseases, Long Island Jewish Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New Hyde Park, New York.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1993 Jun;48(6):823-6. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.1993.48.823.
One hundred fifty-seven travelers who received the new oral typhoid vaccine strain Ty21a between April 1990 and February 1992 were surveyed by questionnaire to assess compliance and toxicity. The four-dose vaccine should be taken every other day before meals, and kept refrigerated between doses. Noncompliance with one or more of these instructions was seen in approximately 30% of travelers. Thirty-four (21.6%) took one or more doses after meals, 13 (8.3%) did not take all four doses, 10 (6.4%) failed to take the dose every other day, and five (3.2%) did not keep the vaccine refrigerated. The vaccine was well-tolerated and only 14 (8.9%) had one or more minor side effects. Of 59 (38%) who had received injectable typhoid vaccine previously, all preferred oral versus injectable vaccine, and reported moderate-to-severe side effects with the injectable form. Until a single-dose, oral typhoid vaccine is available, Ty21a is an attractive option. To achieve maximum efficacy, the importance of compliance should be emphasized.
1990年4月至1992年2月期间，对157名接种新型口服伤寒疫苗株Ty21a的旅行者进行了问卷调查，以评估其依从性和毒性。四剂疫苗应每隔一天饭前服用，并在剂量之间冷藏保存。约30%的旅行者存在一项或多项未遵守这些说明的情况。34人（21.6%）在饭后服用了一剂或多剂，13人（8.3%）未服用全部四剂，10人（6.4%）未每隔一天服药，5人（3.2%）未将疫苗冷藏保存。该疫苗耐受性良好，只有14人（8.9%）出现了一项或多项轻微副作用。在之前接种过注射用伤寒疫苗的59人（38%）中，所有人都更喜欢口服疫苗而非注射用疫苗，并报告了注射用疫苗的中重度副作用。在单剂量口服伤寒疫苗上市之前，Ty21a是一个有吸引力的选择。为了达到最大疗效，应强调依从性的重要性。
