Mameli O, Melis F
Institute of Human Physiology, University of Sassari, Italy.
Arch Ital Biol. 1993 Apr;131(2-3):201-12.
Amyl acetate stimulation of the neuroepithelial cells of the olfactory mucosa induced significant responses in the olfactory bulb and modulated the spontaneous electrical activity of the hypoglossal neurons localized in the mediocaudal part of the XIIth nucleus. Olfactory stimulation induced several patterns of responses characterized by excitation, inhibition and combined effects frequently dependent upon the stimulation intensity. In addition, olfactory inputs converge with the visual inputs on the same part of the XIIth nucleus. The olfactory inputs inducing hypoglossal excitatory responses increased the hypoglossal excitation produced by visual stimuli and decreased its inhibition. Viceversa, the olfactory inputs inducing hypoglossal inhibitory responses decreased excitation and increased hypoglossal inhibition to photic stimulation of the retinae. The possible pathways involved in carrying the olfactory inputs towards the hypoglossal nucleus, and the olfactory or non-olfactory origin of the hypoglossal responses were considered. With regard to the role played by this input in the economy of the hypoglossal function, it was concluded that olfactory inputs, alone or together with visual inputs, may induce tongue reflex adjustments associated with the oral phase of digestion to prepare the oral cavity for food reception.
醋酸戊酯对嗅粘膜神经上皮细胞的刺激在嗅球中引起了显著反应，并调节了位于第 XII 核中尾侧部分的舌下神经元的自发电活动。嗅觉刺激诱导了几种反应模式，其特征为兴奋、抑制和联合效应，这些效应通常取决于刺激强度。此外，嗅觉输入与视觉输入汇聚于第 XII 核的同一部分。诱导舌下兴奋性反应的嗅觉输入增加了视觉刺激所产生的舌下兴奋，并减少了其抑制作用。反之，诱导舌下抑制性反应的嗅觉输入减少了兴奋，并增加了对视网膜光刺激的舌下抑制。研究了携带嗅觉输入至舌下核的可能途径，以及舌下反应的嗅觉或非嗅觉起源。关于这种输入在舌下功能活动中的作用，得出的结论是，嗅觉输入单独或与视觉输入一起，可能会诱发与消化口腔期相关的舌反射调整，为口腔接收食物做好准备。
