Hongou K, Konishi T, Naganuma Y, Murakami M, Yamatani M, Okada T
Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Toyama Medical and Pharmaceutical University.
No To Hattatsu. 1993 Jul;25(4):315-21.
The development of the EEG background activity is generally impaired in children with epilepsy. Antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) are one of the important factor which influence the EEG background activity. We studied the effect of AEDs on the EEG. Subjects were 46 normal children and 48 children with epilepsy aged 5 to 15, who had not any organic brain damage and showed normal psychomotor development. Forty children with epilepsy (CBZ; 30 cases, VPA; 10 cases) had been on monopharmacy and 8 cases on polypharmacy. All of them have outgrown their epilepsy. The serial EEGs were recorded during withdrawal and after discontinuation of AED in each patient. These records were evaluated using computerized power spectral analysis. CBZ reduction associated with a decrease in delta and theta powers and an increase in alpha-2 power, which were also observed at VPA reduction in concomitant AEDs (VPA+CBZ). No parameter changed by VPA reduction in monopharmacy. The slowing of the EEG background activity was noticed even after discontinuation of CBZ. It required more time after discontinuation of CBZ in younger children than older before the EEG background activity became normal controls. These findings suggested that CBZ had a adverse effect, which was more remarkable in younger children than older children, on the development of EEG background activity and that the effect of CBZ on EEG was different from that of VPA.
癫痫患儿的脑电图背景活动发育通常受损。抗癫痫药物（AEDs）是影响脑电图背景活动的重要因素之一。我们研究了AEDs对脑电图的影响。研究对象为46名正常儿童和48名5至15岁的癫痫患儿，他们均无器质性脑损伤且精神运动发育正常。40例癫痫患儿（卡马西平；30例，丙戊酸；10例）接受单药治疗，8例接受联合治疗。所有患儿的癫痫均已缓解。在每位患者停用AEDs期间及停药后记录系列脑电图。这些记录采用计算机化功率谱分析进行评估。卡马西平减量与δ波和θ波功率降低以及α-2波功率增加相关，在联合使用AEDs（丙戊酸+卡马西平）时丙戊酸减量也观察到类似情况。单药治疗时丙戊酸减量未引起任何参数变化。即使在停用卡马西平后，脑电图背景活动仍出现减慢。较年幼儿童停用卡马西平后脑电图背景活动恢复至正常对照水平所需时间比年长儿童更长。这些发现提示，卡马西平对脑电图背景活动发育有不良影响，且在年幼儿童中比年长儿童更明显，并且卡马西平对脑电图的影响与丙戊酸不同。
