Hannley M T
American Academy of Otolaryngology--Head and Neck Surgery, Alexandria, Virginia.
Otolaryngol Clin North Am. 1993 Jun;26(3):373-87.
The audiologic manifestations of otosclerosis are as distinctive as they are varied. When pure stapedial otosclerosis is present, the most prominent audiologic signs are elicited in response to the use of low-frequency stimuli, reflecting the effect that increased stiffness has on the transfer function of the middle ear. Characteristic abnormalities appear on tympanometry, acoustic reflexes, and the pure-tone audiogram. When the disease process extends into the cochlea, a sensorineural hearing loss develops, which may be accompanied by vestibular symptoms and/or tinnitus. Complete audiologic evaluation may prove to be uniquely helpful both in establishing a diagnosis by recognizing the characteristic patterns of stapes fixation and in planning for the surgical, medical, or hearing aid management of the patient with otosclerosis.
耳硬化症的听力学表现既独特又多样。当仅存在镫骨耳硬化症时，对低频刺激的反应会引出最突出的听力学体征，这反映了中耳传递功能因硬度增加而产生的影响。鼓室导抗图、声反射和纯音听力图上会出现特征性异常。当疾病进程扩展至耳蜗时，会出现感音神经性听力损失，可能伴有前庭症状和/或耳鸣。全面的听力学评估在通过识别镫骨固定的特征模式来确立诊断以及为耳硬化症患者制定手术、药物或助听器治疗方案方面可能会被证明具有独特的帮助。
