Ojanen M, Lahdensuo A, Laitinen J, Karvonen J
Department of Psychology, University of Tampere, Finland.
Respiration. 1993;60(2):96-102. doi: 10.1159/000196181.
Changes in physical competence, respiratory symptoms, well-being, emotional state, level of depression, every-day coping skills, and general activity and independence were studied in 40 chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients participating in an intensive 3-week rehabilitation program. Both patient and staff ratings were used. Expectations and attitudes prior to rehabilitation were also measured. The study design included a 3-week basal period, a 3-week rehabilitation period and a 6-month follow-up. The immediate effects of rehabilitation on the variables which described subjective experiences were positive: well-being, emotional state and respiratory symptoms improved significantly (p < 0.001, p < 0.01 and p < 0.01, respectively). By the end of the follow-up period, however, all the treatment effects had dissipated. No significant effects of rehabilitation could be seen in every-day coping skills, general activity and independence or level of depression. It was not possible to predict the rehabilitation response on the basis of the patients' attitudes, expectations, level of depression or age. We conclude that pulmonary rehabilitation causes transient improvement in respiratory symptoms and some subjectively characterized psychosocial variables and that this improvement is unpredictable by attitude and expectation variables.
对40名参与为期3周强化康复项目的慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者的身体能力、呼吸道症状、健康状况、情绪状态、抑郁水平、日常应对技能以及总体活动和独立性的变化进行了研究。研究采用了患者自评和工作人员评定两种方式。同时还测量了康复前的期望和态度。研究设计包括为期3周的基线期、为期3周的康复期和6个月的随访期。康复对描述主观体验的变量产生的即时效果是积极的：健康状况、情绪状态和呼吸道症状均有显著改善（分别为p < 0.001、p < 0.01和p < 0.01）。然而，到随访期结束时，所有治疗效果均已消失。在日常应对技能、总体活动和独立性或抑郁水平方面，未发现康复有显著效果。根据患者的态度、期望、抑郁水平或年龄，无法预测康复反应。我们得出结论，肺部康复可使呼吸道症状和一些主观特征的心理社会变量得到短暂改善，而且这种改善无法通过态度和期望变量来预测。
