Wüster C
Department of Internal Medicine I, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University Medical Clinic Heidelberg, Germany.
Acta Endocrinol (Copenh). 1993 Jun;128 Suppl 2:14-8.
GH is a potent anabolic hormone for bone and calcium metabolism, not only via direct effects but also mediated through other systems. The individual effects on bone metabolism are summarized in Table 1. Some of the signs (low BMD and low serum osteocalcin) and symptoms (increased prevalence of vertebral fractures) seen in patients with GHD may be due to the lack of GH itself, others may be due to secondary hormone deficiencies or changes in body composition induced by GHD. GH treatment can reverse changes of calcium metabolism. Whether it is able to increase bone mass still needs to be determined in larger and longer studies. Some patients with established osteoporosis and vertebral fractures seem to suffer from GHD. Treatment of osteoporosis with GH has not previously been successful, but studies with more patients over several years to investigate the effects of GH treatment on vertebral fracture rates are lacking. As GH seems to reverse some signs of old age, such as muscle weakness and reduced exercise capacity, it is possible to speculate that GH could prevent the occurrence of hip fractures in elderly people.
生长激素（GH）是一种对骨骼和钙代谢具有强大合成代谢作用的激素，不仅通过直接作用，还通过其他系统介导。对骨骼代谢的个体影响总结于表1。生长激素缺乏症（GHD）患者出现的一些体征（低骨密度和低血清骨钙素）和症状（椎体骨折患病率增加）可能归因于生长激素本身的缺乏，其他可能归因于继发性激素缺乏或生长激素缺乏症引起的身体成分变化。生长激素治疗可逆转钙代谢变化。其是否能够增加骨量仍需在规模更大、时间更长的研究中确定。一些已确诊骨质疏松症和椎体骨折的患者似乎患有生长激素缺乏症。此前用生长激素治疗骨质疏松症尚未取得成功，但缺乏针对更多患者、历时数年以研究生长激素治疗对椎体骨折发生率影响的研究。由于生长激素似乎能逆转一些衰老迹象，如肌肉无力和运动能力下降，因此可以推测生长激素可能预防老年人髋部骨折的发生。
