The use of agarose gels for quantitative determination of fluid saturations in porous media.

The use of agarose gel reference standards for quantifying petrophysical properties in porous media is described. The specific interest is to determine the values of fluid saturations and porosity in oil bearing rocks; the MRI methodology for estimating these properties is discussed. It is shown that the relaxation times of the gel reference standard and the relaxation times of the fluid contained in the porous media affect the estimation process. The determination of porosity and fluid saturations can be greatly simplified if the relaxation times of the reference standard and the relaxation times of the fluid are closely matched. Gel concentration of paramagnetic impurities in the form of copper ions is used to control the longitudinal relaxation properties. The relaxation properties of agarose gels, as a function of agarose and paramagnetic impurity concentrations, have been measured at 2.0 T. The data are well fitted by a simple polynomial in agarose concentration and paramagnetic impurity concentration. Finally, a one-dimensional imaging example of use of agarose gels as reference phantoms is discussed.