Leenen L P, van der Werken C, Schoots F, Goris R J
Department of Surgery, St. Elisabeth Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
J Trauma. 1993 Aug;35(2):220-5. doi: 10.1097/00005373-199308000-00008.
From 1980 through 1990 14 patients with severely complicated unstable fractures of the pelvis were treated. There were 13 men and one women (mean age, 28 years). Eight fractures also involved the acetabulum. The injuries were accompanied by anorectal (nine), urogenital (eight), vascular (three), and nerve (three) injuries. After resuscitation, fractures were stabilized immediately, preferably using internal fixation, notwithstanding fecal contamination in certain cases. Anorectal ruptures were treated with lavage of the distal colon and a divergent stoma. The urogenital lesions also were treated primarily. Two patients died early after treatment of accompanying injuries. Infectious complications were seen seven times. In one patient internal fixation broke down. All fractures healed with good functional results. At last follow-up examination all patients were continent for feces. It is concluded that early internal stabilization of these complex injuries achieves a low mortality rate and good functional results. Immediate repair of urogenital and sphincter lesions, with concomitant divergent stoma and lavage of the distal colon, gives good results notwithstanding the risk of infectious complications.
1980年至1990年期间,对14例骨盆严重复杂不稳定骨折患者进行了治疗。其中男性13例,女性1例(平均年龄28岁)。8例骨折还累及髋臼。这些损伤伴有肛门直肠损伤(9例)、泌尿生殖系统损伤(8例)、血管损伤(3例)和神经损伤(3例)。复苏后,骨折立即得到稳定处理,在某些情况下即使存在粪便污染,也最好采用内固定。肛门直肠破裂采用远端结肠灌洗和分流造口术治疗。泌尿生殖系统损伤也主要进行了处理。2例患者在伴随损伤治疗后早期死亡。出现感染并发症7次。1例患者内固定失败。所有骨折均愈合,功能恢复良好。在最后一次随访检查时,所有患者均无大便失禁。结论是,对这些复杂损伤进行早期内固定可实现低死亡率和良好的功能恢复。尽管存在感染并发症的风险,但对泌尿生殖系统和括约肌损伤进行即时修复,并同时进行分流造口和远端结肠灌洗,仍可取得良好效果。