Skírnisson K, Eydal M, Gunnarsson E, Hersteinsson P
Institute for Experimental Pathology, University of Iceland, Reykjavik.
J Wildl Dis. 1993 Jul;29(3):440-6. doi: 10.7589/0090-3558-29.3.440.
Forty-four of 50 arctic foxes (Alopex lagopus) in Iceland harbored 15 species of intestinal parasites, including Protozoa: Eimeria sp. or Isospora sp. (in 4%); Trematoda: Cryptocotyle lingua (24%), Plagiorchis elegans (4%), Brachylaemus sp. (12%), Tristriata sp. (10%), and Spelotrema sp. (8%); Cestoda: Mesocestoides canislagopodis (72%), Schistocephalus solidus (2%), and Diphyllobothrium dendriticum (4%); Nematoda: Toxascaris leonina (50%), Toxocara canis (2%), Uncinaria stenocephala (4%), and eggs of the lung worm Capillaria aerophila (6%); and Acanthocephala: Polymorphus meyeri (8%) and Corynosoma hadweni (2%). Only four of the species previously had been recorded in Iceland. Eleven species are new records in Iceland and six appear to be new host records. Two additional nematodes, Stegophorus stercorarii and Syphacia sp., probably were ingested accidentally with the prey. Foxes from coastal habitats harbored 14 parasitic species while only five species were found in foxes from inland habitats. Arctic foxes from coastal habitats generally had higher helminth burdens and harbored more parasitic species per fox than foxes from inland habitats.
冰岛50只北极狐（Alopex lagopus）中有44只携带15种肠道寄生虫，包括原生动物：艾美球虫属（Eimeria sp.）或等孢球虫属（Isospora sp.）（4%）；吸虫纲：舌形隐孔吸虫（Cryptocotyle lingua，24%）、优美斜睾吸虫（Plagiorchis elegans，4%）、短咽吸虫属（Brachylaemus sp.，12%）、三槽吸虫属（Tristriata sp.，10%）和洞穴吸虫属（Spelotrema sp.，8%）；绦虫纲：犬北极狐中绦虫（Mesocestoides canislagopodis，72%）、坚实裂头绦虫（Schistocephalus solidus，2%）和树枝状双叶槽绦虫（Diphyllobothrium dendriticum，4%）；线虫纲：狮弓蛔虫（Toxascaris leonina，50%）、犬弓首蛔虫（Toxocara canis，2%）、窄头钩虫（Uncinaria stenocephala，4%）和肺毛细线虫（Capillaria aerophila）卵（6%）；棘头虫纲：迈氏多形棘头虫（Polymorphus meyeri，8%）和哈德文冠吻棘头虫（Corynosoma hadweni，2%）。之前在冰岛仅记录到其中4个物种。11个物种是冰岛新记录，6个似乎是新宿主记录。另外两种线虫，粪褶缘线虫（Stegophorus stercorarii）和管尾线虫属（Syphacia sp.）可能是在捕食时意外摄入的。来自沿海栖息地的狐狸携带14种寄生虫，而来自内陆栖息地的狐狸仅发现5种。沿海栖息地的北极狐通常比内陆栖息地的狐狸有更高的蠕虫负荷，且每只狐狸携带的寄生虫种类更多。
