Shields J A, McDonald P R, Leonard B C, Canny C L
Am J Ophthalmol. 1977 Jan;83(1):95-105. doi: 10.1016/0002-9394(77)90196-9.
Of 358 eyes enucleated between 1962 and 1975, and found to contain posterior uveal melanomas, 31 had opaque media (8.6%). Eighteen of these patients with opaque media were seen between 1962 and 1971, before the use of combined ultrasonography and the radioactive phosphorus uptake (32P) test. Melanoma was unsuspected at enucleation in one third of these patients and there was often a long delay in diagnosis. Of the 13 patients seen between 1971 and 1975, after the initiation of combined ultrasonography and 32P) test, there was no delay in diagnosis becuase a melanoma pattern was recognized immediately with ultrasonography and confirmed with a positive 32P test. During the latter part of this study, 19 patients with opaque media had a "melanoma pattern" with ultrasonography. The 32P test was positive in 12 cases and a melanoma was confirmed histologically in every instance. The 32P test was negative in seven cases and all were documented on follow-up to have benign lesions, such as subretinal hemorrhages.
在1962年至1975年间摘除的358只眼中，发现含有后葡萄膜黑色素瘤，其中31只眼存在屈光间质混浊（8.6%）。在1962年至1971年间，即在联合超声检查和放射性磷摄取（32P）试验应用之前，对18例存在屈光间质混浊的患者进行了观察。这些患者中有三分之一在摘除眼球时未怀疑有黑色素瘤，而且诊断往往延迟很久。在1971年至1975年间，即在联合超声检查和32P试验开始应用之后，对13例患者进行了观察，由于超声检查立即识别出黑色素瘤模式并经32P试验阳性证实，所以诊断没有延迟。在本研究后期，19例存在屈光间质混浊的患者经超声检查呈现“黑色素瘤模式”。12例32P试验呈阳性，所有病例经组织学检查均确诊为黑色素瘤。7例32P试验呈阴性，所有病例经随访均证实为良性病变，如视网膜下出血。
