Sletnes K E
Hematologisk forskningslaboratorium, Medisinsk klinik, Ullevål sykehus, Oslo.
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 1993 Aug 10;113(18):2238-41.
This article reviews the significance of phospholipids in the haemostatic process. The plasma membranes of activated human blood platelets provide a catalytic phospholipid surface on which the "tenase" complex (factor IXa-factor VIIIa) and the "prothrombinase" complex (factor Xa-factor Va) can be assembled. The formation of a procoagulant platelet surface involves the exposure of anionic phospholipids e.g. phosphatidylserine, and is associated with shedding of microvesicles from the membranes of activated platelets. Moreover, tissue-factor, which plays a key role in blood coagulation by initiating the extrinsic coagulation pathway, requires the presence of phospholipids for optimal biological activity. The phospholipid dependency of the coagulation system explains the prolongation of phospholipid dependent clotting tests in patients with phospholipid directed antibodies such as lupus anticoagulants.
本文综述了磷脂在止血过程中的重要性。活化的人血小板的质膜提供了一个催化性磷脂表面，“凝血酶原酶复合物”（因子Ⅸa-因子Ⅷa）和“凝血酶原酶复合物”（因子Ⅹa-因子Ⅴa）可在该表面组装。促凝血血小板表面的形成涉及阴离子磷脂（如磷脂酰丝氨酸）的暴露，并与活化血小板膜上微泡的脱落有关。此外，组织因子通过启动外源性凝血途径在血液凝固中起关键作用，其最佳生物学活性需要磷脂的存在。凝血系统对磷脂的依赖性解释了磷脂定向抗体（如狼疮抗凝物）患者中磷脂依赖性凝血试验的延长。
