Bramlett M H, Gueldner S H
Clin Nurse Spec. 1993 Mar;7(2):68-74.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the usefulness of reminiscent storytelling as a therapeutic modality to enhance the sense of power in well elders (ages 60-86). The study was conceptualized within Rogers' (1986) Science of Unitary Human Beings and focused on Barrett's theory of power. A pre- and posttest design with experimental and control groups was used with Barrett's Power as Knowing Participation in Change Test, Version II as the measure of power (personal control). Experimental group subjects were pretested and then participated in three reminiscence sessions during a 1-week period. Subjects were then posttested both at the end of the reminiscence sessions and again after a 5-week interval. Control group subjects were tested on a schedule identical to that of the experimental group, but participated in no reminiscence sessions. Although an overall significant difference (p = 0.003) in scores was found over the testing period, no differences were found between experimental and control groups. Both experimental (n = 34) and control (n = 41) groups demonstrated a small but insignificant decrease in power between the pretest and posttest 1. Both groups then experienced a significant increase in power between posttest 1 and posttest 2. It is recommended that research energies continue to be directed toward the investigation of this topic. In our contemporary high tech world which often allows minimal human contact and diminishing quality of life for the aged, novel modalities such as reminiscence offer a human to human exchange, which may hold the key to this modern-day challenge.
本研究的目的是调查怀旧故事讲述作为一种治疗方式，对增强健康老年人（年龄在60 - 86岁之间）的权力感是否有用。该研究是在罗杰斯（1986年）的整体人类科学概念框架内进行构思的，并聚焦于巴雷特的权力理论。采用了实验组和对照组的前后测设计，以巴雷特的《权力即知晓参与变革测试，第二版》作为权力（个人控制）的衡量标准。实验组受试者先进行前测，然后在1周内参加三次怀旧会议。在怀旧会议结束时以及5周间隔后再次对受试者进行后测。对照组受试者按照与实验组相同的时间表进行测试，但不参加怀旧会议。尽管在测试期间发现分数存在总体显著差异（p = 0.003），但实验组和对照组之间未发现差异。实验组（n = 34）和对照组（n = 41）在前测和后测1之间的权力都有小幅但不显著的下降。两组在测试1和测试2之间权力都有显著增加。建议继续将研究精力导向对该主题的调查。在我们当今的高科技世界中，老年人往往人际接触极少且生活质量不断下降，诸如怀旧这样的新方式提供了人与人之间的交流，这可能是应对这一现代挑战的关键。
