Gupta A K, Anand N K, Lamba I M
Department of Pediatrics, Safdarjang Hospital, New Delhi.
Indian Pediatr. 1993 Mar;30(3):319-24.
This study was done to measure normal renal dimensions of neonatal kidney at various gestational ages sonographically. Knowledge of these measurements may allow earlier diagnosis of a variety of abnormalities. Kidney dimensions (maximum longitudinal length, width, and anteroposterior diameter) were measured within 48 h after birth in 100 healthy neonates with gestational ages from 26.14 to 41.28 weeks and birth weights from 540 to 3250 g using a real time sector scanner with a 7.5 mHz transducer. Renal volume was calculated by volume (V) = L x W x T x 0.5233. Total body surface area (BSA) was determined by BSA = Wt0.425 x Lt0.725 x 71.84. Ponderal index was determined by PI = Wt (g) x 100/(Ht[cm])3. On linear regression analysis, a highly significant correlation was found between renal dimensions and body surface area, gestational age, body weight and length of the baby (p < 0.05). On step wise regression analysis, renal dimensions correlated only with body surface area and the gestational age of the neonate. Regression equations have been provided for rapid computation of renal length, width, and thickness in a given case based on body surface area and the gestational age. Mean (+/- 2 SD) renal volume and renal length were determined based separately on gestational age and body surface area. The data provided can be valuable for evaluating renal abnormalities in preterm neonates.
本研究旨在通过超声测量不同胎龄新生儿的正常肾脏尺寸。了解这些测量值可能有助于早期诊断多种异常情况。使用配备7.5兆赫兹换能器的实时扇形扫描仪，对100例胎龄在26.14至41.28周、出生体重在540至3250克的健康新生儿在出生后48小时内测量肾脏尺寸（最大纵向长度、宽度和前后径）。肾体积通过体积（V）=长×宽×厚×0.5233计算得出。体表面积（BSA）通过BSA =体重0.425×身长0.725×71.84确定。 ponderal指数通过PI =体重（克）×100/（身高[厘米]）³确定。线性回归分析发现，肾脏尺寸与体表面积、胎龄、体重和婴儿身长之间存在高度显著相关性（p < 0.05）。逐步回归分析表明，肾脏尺寸仅与体表面积和新生儿胎龄相关。已提供回归方程，以便根据体表面积和胎龄快速计算给定病例中的肾脏长度、宽度和厚度。分别根据胎龄和体表面积确定了平均（±2标准差）肾体积和肾长度。所提供的数据对于评估早产儿的肾脏异常可能具有重要价值。
