Cancer screening for women older than 40 years of age.

As women's doctors, we have a commitment and responsibility to promote effective cancer screening for cervical cancer and breast cancer. At present, the screening tests for ovarian cancer cannot be applied to the mass population. For an individual patient, however, the role of sonography, tumor markers, and physical examination need to be individualized. Clinicians need to look to the future for advances in screening for this dreaded disease. This article reviews and discusses the available cancer screening for cervical, breast, and ovarian cancer.