Yang C, Gibbs H C, Xiao L
Department of Animal, Veterinary and Aquatic Sciences, University of Maine, Orono 04469-0131.
Am J Vet Res. 1993 Jul;54(7):1074-83.
Immunomodulation by Ostertagia ostertagi and the effects of strategic anthelmintic treatments were studied in 3 groups of 6 calves each: an infected group, inoculated with 100,000 third-stage larvae (L3)/calf at 1 and 28 days; an infected-treated group, similarly inoculated, but treated with ivermectin 9 days after each inoculation; and a noninfected control group. Calves were grazed on 2 previously clean pastures, with the infected and infected-treated calves sharing 1 pasture. All calves were inoculated at 12 weeks with Brucella abortus and infectious bovine rhinotracheitis vaccines, and at 13 weeks with a soluble O ostertagi L3 extract (SLE). Infected and infected-treated calves had lower blood lymphocyte responses to phytohemagglutinin than did control calves at 2, 4, and 14 weeks, whereas the infected calves had higher responses at 6 and 8 weeks (P < 0.05). Responses to pokeweed mitogen followed a similar pattern, whereas those to SLE were low in all calves. Infected and infected-treated calves had increased values of IgG1 to excretory-secretory antigens of L4 larvae, but no changes in the values of IgG1 to SLE. They also had lower values of IgG and IgM to B abortus and antibodies to infectious bovine rhinotracheitis at 13 weeks. The infected-treated calves, however, had higher blood lymphocyte and monocyte counts and lower eosinophil count than did infected calves. They also had reduced abomasal mucosa thickness, abomasal wall weight, and abomasal lymph node weight than infected calves. It was concluded that O ostertagi causes nonspecific suppression of cellular and humoral immunity, hypersensitivity reactions coexisted with immunosuppression, and strategic anthelmintic treatments attenuated hypersensitivity reactions and initiated better immune responses.
研究了奥斯特他线虫的免疫调节作用以及策略性驱虫治疗的效果，每组6头犊牛，共3组：感染组，在第1天和第28天每头犊牛接种100,000条第三期幼虫（L3）；感染治疗组，同样接种，但每次接种后9天用伊维菌素治疗；非感染对照组。犊牛在2块先前干净的牧场上放牧，感染组和感染治疗组的犊牛共用1块牧场。所有犊牛在12周时接种布鲁氏菌流产疫苗和传染性牛鼻气管炎疫苗，在13周时接种可溶性奥斯特他线虫L3提取物（SLE）。在第2、4和14周时，感染组和感染治疗组的犊牛对植物血凝素的血液淋巴细胞反应低于对照组犊牛，而感染组犊牛在第6和8周时反应较高（P<0.05）。对商陆有丝分裂原的反应遵循类似模式，而对SLE的反应在所有犊牛中都很低。感染组和感染治疗组的犊牛对L4幼虫排泄分泌抗原的IgG1值升高，但对SLE的IgG1值没有变化。它们在13周时对布鲁氏菌流产菌的IgG和IgM值以及对传染性牛鼻气管炎的抗体值也较低。然而，感染治疗组的犊牛血液淋巴细胞和单核细胞计数较高，嗜酸性粒细胞计数较低。它们的皱胃黏膜厚度、皱胃壁重量和皱胃淋巴结重量也比感染组犊牛减少。得出的结论是，奥斯特他线虫引起细胞免疫和体液免疫的非特异性抑制，过敏反应与免疫抑制并存，策略性驱虫治疗减弱了过敏反应并引发了更好的免疫反应。
