Faith M S, Schare M L
Department of Psychology, Hofstra University, Hempstead, New York 11550.
Arch Sex Behav. 1993 Aug;22(4):345-56. doi: 10.1007/BF01542123.
"Spectatoring" refers to a cognitive self-absorption, wherein individuals fixate on and carefully monitor personal body parts and/or the adequacy of personal sexual functioning. To examine this process within a university population, undergraduate and graduate students (108 male and 140 female) filled out questionnaires that assessed body image, sexual knowledge, global sexual attitudes (i.e., liberal-conservative), general psychological adjustment, and frequency of sexual behaviors. Multiple regression analyses were used to determine if spectatoring, operationalized by measures of body image, would significantly predict sexually avoidant behavior. Results indicated that body image scores significantly predicted frequency of sexual behaviors for both genders, while general sexual knowledge and psychological adjustment did not predict sexual behavior. Overall, sexual attitude scores were the best predictors of sexual approach/avoidance behaviors for both genders. Implications are drawn for future research using the assessment of more global sex attitudes in the study of spectatoring.
“旁观者心态”指的是一种认知上的自我专注，即个体专注并仔细监控自身身体部位和/或个人性功能的充分性。为了在大学生群体中研究这一过程，本科生和研究生（108名男性和140名女性）填写了问卷，这些问卷评估了身体意象、性知识、整体性态度（即自由-保守）、一般心理调适以及性行为频率。多元回归分析被用于确定由身体意象测量所操作化的旁观者心态是否能显著预测性回避行为。结果表明，身体意象得分显著预测了两性的性行为频率，而一般性知识和心理调适并不能预测性行为。总体而言，性态度得分是两性性接近/回避行为的最佳预测指标。研究得出了一些启示，以便未来在旁观者心态研究中使用更全面的性态度评估进行研究。
