Taylor G R
L.B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Texas 77058.
J Leukoc Biol. 1993 Sep;54(3):179-88. doi: 10.1002/jlb.54.3.179.
The effects of spaceflight and analogues of spaceflight are discussed here and in nine accompanying articles. In this summary we present spaceflight studies with human subjects, animal subjects, and cell cultures and we review ground-based systems used to model the observed effects of spaceflight on the immune system. Human paradigms include bed rest, academic or psychological stress, physical stress, hypobaric or high altitude stress, and confinement. Animal models include antiorthostatic and orthostatic suspension, hypobarism, and confinement. The ten manuscripts in this collection were selected to provide a summary that should give the reader an overview of the various activities of spaceflight immunology researchers throughout the history of space travel. This manuscript identifies the major contributors to the study of spaceflight immunology, explains what types of studies have been conducted, and how they have changed over the years. Also presented is a discussion of the unusual limitations associated with spaceflight research and the efforts to develop appropriate ground-based surrogate model systems. Specific details, data, and mechanistic speculations will be held to a minimum, because they will be discussed in depth in the other articles in the collection.
本文及九篇相关文章讨论了太空飞行及其类似环境的影响。在本综述中，我们介绍了针对人类受试者、动物受试者和细胞培养物的太空飞行研究，并回顾了用于模拟太空飞行对免疫系统所观察到的影响的地面系统。人类范例包括卧床休息、学业或心理压力、身体压力、低压或高海拔压力以及禁闭。动物模型包括抗直立和直立位悬吊、低压以及禁闭。本论文集的十篇稿件旨在提供一个综述，使读者能够全面了解太空旅行历史中太空飞行免疫学研究人员的各项活动。本文确定了太空飞行免疫学研究的主要贡献者，解释了进行过哪些类型的研究以及这些研究多年来是如何变化的。此外，还讨论了与太空飞行研究相关的特殊限制以及开发合适的地面替代模型系统的努力。具体细节、数据和机制推测将尽量减少，因为它们将在本论文集的其他文章中深入讨论。
