Bonini S, Bonini S
Andrea Cesalpino Foundation, University of Rome La Sapienza, Italy.
Ann Allergy. 1993 Sep;71(3):296-9.
Various forms of conjunctival disease have traditionally been referred to by the umbrella term "allergic conjunctivitis," on the assumption that they are all caused by a Gell and Coombs type I hypersensitivity reaction. Recent evidence disputes this classification, however, and suggests that other mechanisms may also be responsible for the complex clinical features of conjunctival disease. Among these are non-IgE-mediated activation of mast cells, late-phase reactions, and nonspecific conjunctival hyperreactivity. The authors suggest that the pathophysiology of allergic eye disease is multifactorial, which explains the different clinical pictures seen in different patients. Both IgE-mediated and non-IgE-mediated mechanisms may cause an immediate reaction as well as allergic inflammation, and nonspecific hyperreactivity may occur both as a result of allergic inflammation and as an independent mechanism in nonallergic conjunctival disease.
传统上，各种形式的结膜疾病都被统称为“过敏性结膜炎”，这是基于它们都是由盖尔和库姆斯I型超敏反应引起的假设。然而，最近的证据对这种分类提出了质疑，并表明其他机制也可能导致结膜疾病复杂的临床特征。其中包括肥大细胞的非IgE介导激活、迟发性反应和非特异性结膜高反应性。作者认为过敏性眼病的病理生理学是多因素的，这解释了不同患者出现的不同临床症状。IgE介导和非IgE介导的机制都可能引起即刻反应以及变应性炎症，并且非特异性高反应性既可能是变应性炎症的结果，也可能是在非过敏性结膜疾病中作为一种独立机制出现。
