Korenman S G
UCLA School of Medicine 90024.
Acad Med. 1993 Sep;68(9 Suppl):S18-22. doi: 10.1097/00001888-199309000-00029.
The author introduces questions about the commercialization of science, focusing on fairness and conflicts of interest, and suggests the bases for policy initiatives. First, is it fair for government-supported research to enrich research universities and individual scientists? The belief that it is unfair seems limited to biomedicine and is not shared by other fields and government research agencies. The main concerns, however, are conflicts of interest and of commitment (loss of objectivity, reordering of priorities, degradation of science as an open and collegial enterprise, conflicts of commitment, and exploitation of graduate students and postdoctoral fellows). The author outlines 11 principles that can be used in setting policies about conflict of interest and commitment, including the principles that these conflicts are inevitable, that technology transfer should be supported rather than hindered, that the type and amount of financial reward received by the faculty are not as important as the strings attached by the commercial sponsor, and that trainees must be protected from working in settings where they cannot discuss or promptly publish their work.
作者提出了有关科学商业化的问题，重点关注公平性和利益冲突，并提出了政策倡议的依据。首先，政府资助的研究使研究型大学和个别科学家富裕起来，这公平吗？认为这不公平的观点似乎仅限于生物医学领域，其他领域和政府研究机构并不认同。然而，主要担忧的是利益冲突和责任冲突（客观性丧失、优先顺序重新排列、科学作为一个开放和合作的事业的退化、责任冲突以及对研究生和博士后的剥削）。作者概述了11项可用于制定关于利益冲突和责任政策的原则，包括这些冲突不可避免、技术转让应得到支持而非阻碍、教师获得的经济奖励的类型和数量不如商业赞助商附加的条件重要，以及必须保护受训人员不在无法讨论或及时发表其工作成果的环境中工作等原则。
