Kaufmann P, Stark J, Stegner H E
Cell Tissue Res. 1977 Feb 2;177(1):105-21. doi: 10.1007/BF00221122.
In human placental villi the connective tissue is constructed by mesenchymal cells, small and large reticulum cells and fibroblasts. During early pregnancy mesenchymal cells dominate; starting with the third month of gestation the reticulum cells are in the majority within the terminal villi, the fibroblasts within the stem villi. Ultrastructurally intermediary types of cells can be differentiated. Together with reticular and collagenous fibres the reticulum cells form the basic architecture of the villous stroma during the first 2/3 of gestation: the "reticular type of stroma". This consists of a network of cells and fibres with fetal vessels fitted in between. The remaining interspaces form a fluid system of compartments in which Hofbauer cells are suspended. They are called stromal channels. During the last trimester these channels and the Hofbauer cells as well are progressively replaced either by voluminous masses of fibres ("fibrous type of stroma", mainly in the stem villi) or by sinusoidal enlargements of fetal capillaries ("sinusoidal type of stroma", mainly in the terminal villi).
在人胎盘绒毛中，结缔组织由间充质细胞、大小网状细胞和成纤维细胞构成。妊娠早期间充质细胞占主导；从妊娠第三个月开始，终末绒毛内网状细胞占多数，干绒毛内成纤维细胞占多数。在超微结构上可区分出中间类型的细胞。在妊娠的前2/3时间里，网状细胞与网状纤维和胶原纤维一起构成绒毛基质的基本结构：“网状型基质”。它由细胞和纤维网络组成，胎儿血管嵌于其间。其余间隙形成一个隔室的流体系统，霍夫鲍尔细胞悬浮其中。它们被称为基质通道。在妊娠晚期，这些通道以及霍夫鲍尔细胞逐渐被大量纤维团块（“纤维型基质”，主要在干绒毛中）或胎儿毛细血管的窦状扩张（“窦状型基质”，主要在终末绒毛中）所取代。
