Salmon P
Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Liverpool, U.K.
Int J Nurs Stud. 1993 Aug;30(4):323-30. doi: 10.1016/0020-7489(93)90104-3.
The reduction of pre-operative anxiety in surgical patients is a routine part of nursing care, but much of the evidence which supports the view that high anxiety is related to worse recovery is based on ambiguous or unreliable indices of recovery. Instead, it has been argued that moderate levels of preoperative anxiety can help patients to prepare for surgery and reduce its stressfulness. On this basis, attempts to reduce anxiety would amount to the "medicalization" of a normal and useful state. Until recently little evidence supported this view, but research which has used hormonal changes to index surgical stress has provided evidence consistent with it. Alternative strategies for psychological preparation can be designed, which are not based on an attempt to reduce anxiety. However, attempts at psychological preparation of surgical patients pre-operatively should be regarded as experimental until more evidence is available about their effects on recovery.
减轻外科手术患者术前焦虑是护理工作的常规内容，但许多支持高焦虑与较差恢复相关这一观点的证据，是基于模糊或不可靠的恢复指标。相反，有人认为适度的术前焦虑有助于患者为手术做好准备，并减轻手术的压力。基于此，试图减轻焦虑将等同于把一种正常且有益的状态“医学化”。直到最近，很少有证据支持这一观点，但利用激素变化来衡量手术应激的研究提供了与之相符的证据。可以设计出不基于减轻焦虑的替代性心理准备策略。然而，在有更多关于其对恢复影响的证据之前，术前对手术患者进行心理准备的尝试应被视为试验性的。
