Szymczak W, Indulski J, Barański B
Instytutu Medycyny Pracy, Lodzi.
Med Pr. 1993;44(2):169-74.
The setting of regulations which are aimed at reducing or eliminating the effects of exposure should be preceded by the risk assessment procedures. The quantitative risk assessment is one of the methods to estimate the probability of adverse health effects caused by the exposure. In this paper the fundamental notions of exposure, risk and hazard have been discussed. The quantitative risk assessment includes four steps: hazard identification, exposure evaluation and assessment of the relationship between the level of exposure and the occurrence of adverse health effects (dose-response relationship) and risk characterization. It should be stressed that the numerical values obtained from the risk assessment should be considered in combination with other relevant data available, rather than be regarded as direct indices. Then the risk assessment will allow estimating the most likely range of risk for a particular hazard under study.
旨在减少或消除暴露影响的法规制定应以风险评估程序为先决条件。定量风险评估是估计暴露导致不良健康影响概率的方法之一。本文讨论了暴露、风险和危害的基本概念。定量风险评估包括四个步骤：危害识别、暴露评估、暴露水平与不良健康影响发生之间关系的评估（剂量反应关系）以及风险特征描述。应当强调的是，从风险评估中获得的数值应结合其他可用的相关数据来考虑，而不应被视为直接指标。然后，风险评估将有助于估计所研究特定危害最可能的风险范围。
