Hegemann J H, Fleig U N
Institut für Mikrobiologie und Molekularbiologie, Justus-Liebig-Universität, Giessen, FRG.
Bioessays. 1993 Jul;15(7):451-60. doi: 10.1002/bies.950150704.
Stable maintenance of genetic information during meiosis and mitosis is dependent on accurate chromosome transmission. The centromere is a key component of the segregational machinery that couples chromosomes with the spindle apparatus. Most of what is known about the structure and function of the centromeres has been derived from studies on yeast cells. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the centromere DNA requirements for mitotic centromere function have been defined and some of the proteins required for an active complex have been identified. Centromere DNA and the centromere proteins form a complex that has been studied extensively at the chromatin level. Finally, recent findings suggest that assembly and activation of the centromere are integrated in the cell cycle.
在减数分裂和有丝分裂过程中，遗传信息的稳定维持依赖于精确的染色体传递。着丝粒是将染色体与纺锤体装置连接起来的分离机制的关键组成部分。目前已知的关于着丝粒结构和功能的大部分信息都来自对酵母细胞的研究。在酿酒酵母中，已经确定了有丝分裂着丝粒功能所需的着丝粒DNA要求，并鉴定了活性复合物所需的一些蛋白质。着丝粒DNA和着丝粒蛋白形成了一种在染色质水平上得到广泛研究的复合物。最后，最近的研究结果表明，着丝粒的组装和激活在细胞周期中是整合在一起的。
