Chao C C, Molitor T W, Close K, Hu S, Peterson P K
Neuroimmunobiology and Host Defense Laboratory, Minneapolis Medical Research Foundation, Minnesota 55404.
Int J Immunopharmacol. 1993 Apr;15(3):447-53. doi: 10.1016/0192-0561(93)90057-6.
Opiates modulate a variety of immune responses of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). When PBMC were treated with morphine for 24 h, cells released less (P < 0.05) bioactive TNF, a cytokine important in host defense, in the following 24-h incubation period when stimulated with lipopolysaccharide and phytohemagglutinin. Morphine alone did not significantly alter the release of TNF from PBMC cultures. Pretreatment of PBMC cultures for 1 h with naloxone blocked (P < 0.05) the inhibitory effect of morphine on the release of TNF upon stimulation with phytohemagglutinin, but not with lipopolysaccharide, suggesting the involvement of an opioid receptor. The mechanism of morphine-induced suppression of TNF release appears to be counteracted by the effect of this opiate on the release of transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta, since antibodies to this immunoregulatory cytokine further enhanced morphine-related inhibition of TNF release. Taken together, these findings indicate that morphine suppresses the release of bioactive TNF from PBMC and that TGF-beta plays a modulatory role in this inhibitory process.
阿片类药物可调节外周血单个核细胞（PBMC）的多种免疫反应。当PBMC用吗啡处理24小时后，在接下来的24小时培养期内，用脂多糖和植物血凝素刺激时，细胞释放的具有生物活性的肿瘤坏死因子（TNF，一种在宿主防御中起重要作用的细胞因子）较少（P<0.05）。单独使用吗啡不会显著改变PBMC培养物中TNF的释放。用纳洛酮对PBMC培养物预处理1小时可阻断（P<0.05）吗啡对植物血凝素刺激后TNF释放的抑制作用，但对脂多糖刺激无效，提示涉及阿片受体。吗啡诱导的TNF释放抑制机制似乎被该阿片类药物对转化生长因子（TGF）-β释放的影响所抵消，因为针对这种免疫调节细胞因子的抗体进一步增强了吗啡相关的TNF释放抑制作用。综上所述，这些发现表明吗啡抑制PBMC中具有生物活性的TNF释放，并且TGF-β在这一抑制过程中起调节作用。
