Hahn-Zoric M, Carlsson B, Jeansson S, Ekre H P, Osterhaus A D, Roberton D, Hanson L A
Department of Clinical Immunology, University of Göteborg, Sweden.
Pediatr Res. 1993 May;33(5):475-80. doi: 10.1203/00006450-199305000-00011.
Our previous studies have suggested that fetal antibody production can be induced by maternal antiidiotypic antibodies transferred to the fetus via the placenta. We tested commercial Ig, sera, and milk for the presence of anti-idiotypic antibodies to poliovirus type 1, using affinity chromatography combined with ELISA systems and virus neutralization techniques. Our results indicate that commercial Ig, serum, and milk samples contain antibodies recognizing idiotypic determinants on antibodies to poliovirus. Several lines of evidence support this conclusion. Thus, in an ELISA with poliovirus as a solid phase, binding of specific antibodies could be inhibited by addition of an eluate from the Ig preparation containing anti-idiotypic antibodies against poliovirus type 1. Also, antiidiotypic antibodies from pooled human Ig, serum, and colostrum samples against poliovirus bound directly to solid-phase-attached MAb against poliovirus type 1. In addition, in a competitive inhibition ELISA, where antiidiotypic antibodies isolated from the Ig preparation competed with the poliovirus antigen for binding to monoclonal or polyclonal idiotypic antibodies on the solid phase, inhibition of antigen binding was seen at low antigen concentrations. When single-donor serum or milk was used, this inhibition was even more pronounced and could be demonstrated at almost all antigen concentrations. The finding that anti-idiotypes are present in maternal serum and milk imply, in agreement with our previous studies, that anti-idiotypes may actively induce a specific immune response in the fetus without previous exposure to the antigen by being transferred across the placenta or by being passively transferred to the newborn via mother's milk.
我们之前的研究表明，母体的抗独特型抗体通过胎盘转移至胎儿，可诱导胎儿产生抗体。我们使用亲和层析结合酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）系统及病毒中和技术，检测了市售免疫球蛋白（Ig）、血清和乳汁中是否存在针对1型脊髓灰质炎病毒的抗独特型抗体。我们的结果表明，市售Ig、血清和乳汁样本中含有能识别脊髓灰质炎病毒抗体上独特型决定簇的抗体。多条证据支持这一结论。因此，在以脊髓灰质炎病毒为固相的ELISA中，加入含有针对1型脊髓灰质炎病毒抗独特型抗体的Ig制剂洗脱液，可抑制特异性抗体的结合。此外，来自人Ig、血清和初乳混合样本的针对脊髓灰质炎病毒的抗独特型抗体可直接与固相上结合的抗1型脊髓灰质炎病毒单克隆抗体（MAb）结合。另外，在竞争性抑制ELISA中，从Ig制剂中分离出的抗独特型抗体与脊髓灰质炎病毒抗原竞争结合固相上的单克隆或多克隆独特型抗体，在低抗原浓度时可观察到抗原结合受到抑制。当使用单供体血清或乳汁时，这种抑制作用更为明显，几乎在所有抗原浓度下均可得到证实。母体血清和乳汁中存在抗独特型抗体这一发现，与我们之前的研究一致，意味着抗独特型抗体可能通过胎盘转移或经母乳被动转移至新生儿，在胎儿未曾接触抗原的情况下，积极诱导特异性免疫反应。
