Karlin J D
Department of Ophthalmology, UCLA School of Medicine.
Ann Ophthalmol. 1993 Jun;25(6):208-15.
The objective of this article is (1) to review the range of anterior segment ocular disease caused by varicella-zoster virus (VZV), (2) to discuss the pathophysiology of the mechanisms involved in the ensuing tissue damage, and (3) to bring the reader up to date on the current management and therapy of herpes zoster ophthalmicus (HZO). The design of this article is a review of the literature with special emphasis on the ocular manifestations of HZO. The conclusions reached by this review include that HZO is a common form of the recurrent form of HZ infection caused by VZV. Although HZO is generally benign in most nonimmunocompromised patients, the incidence of ocular complications is high. Immunocompromised hosts manifest HZ (and HZO) in much higher frequencies and develop more severe sequelas, which may lead to loss of vision, dissemination of the virus, or death. An increased incidence of acquired and iatrogenic immunodeficiency states has given rise to a greater occurrence of recurrent VZV infection. Thus, there is a greater need for earlier diagnosis and appropriate management of the protean manifestations of this potentially disastrous disease.
（1）回顾由水痘-带状疱疹病毒（VZV）引起的眼前节眼部疾病的范围；（2）讨论随后组织损伤所涉及机制的病理生理学；（3）使读者了解带状疱疹性眼病（HZO）的当前管理和治疗方法。本文的设计是对文献的综述，特别强调HZO的眼部表现。该综述得出的结论包括，HZO是由VZV引起的HZ感染复发形式的常见类型。虽然HZO在大多数非免疫功能低下的患者中通常是良性的，但眼部并发症的发生率很高。免疫功能低下的宿主表现出HZ（和HZO）的频率更高，并且会出现更严重的后遗症，这可能导致视力丧失、病毒播散或死亡。获得性和医源性免疫缺陷状态的发生率增加导致复发性VZV感染的发生率更高。因此，对于这种潜在灾难性疾病的多种表现进行早期诊断和适当管理的需求更大。
