Meyer A, Biermann C H, Ortí G
Department of Ecology and Evolution, State University of New York, Stony Brook 11794-5245.
Proc Biol Sci. 1993 Jun 22;252(1335):231-6. doi: 10.1098/rspb.1993.0070.
The zebrafish, Danio (Brachydanio) rerio, has become one of the most widely studied model systems in developmental biology. We present a DNA-based phylogeny of zebrafish and other species of the genus Danio, and the genera Rasbora, Puntius and Cyprinus. Homologous regions of the large (16S) mitochondrial ribosomal RNA gene were amplified by the polymerase chain reaction and directly sequenced. The phylogeny revealed: (i) the zebrafish, Danio (Brachydanio) rerio, is identical in its 16S sequence to its aquarium breeding morph, the leopard danio; (ii) the pearl danio (Danio albolineatus) is more closely related to the zebrafish than the giant danio (Danio aequipinnatus); and (iii) species of the genus Rasbora (hetermorpha, trilineata, elegans, pauciperforata, dorsiocellata) are more closely related to the danios than members of the genus Puntius (tetrazona, conchonius) and Cyprinus, the carp. All of these species are readily available in the aquarium trade, easily kept and bred in captivity, and amenable to developmental work. It is hoped that this molecular phylogeny will invite developmental biologists to use the comparative method to ask questions about function (e.g. cellular and genetic aspects) and evolution of zebrafish developmental biology in a phylogenetic context.
斑马鱼，即鲤科（短担尼鱼属）斑马鱼，已成为发育生物学中研究最为广泛的模型系统之一。我们展示了基于DNA的斑马鱼及其他鲤科属物种、波鱼属、无须魮属和鲤属的系统发育。通过聚合酶链反应扩增大型（16S）线粒体核糖体RNA基因的同源区域并直接测序。系统发育揭示：（i）斑马鱼，即鲤科（短担尼鱼属）斑马鱼，其16S序列与其水族箱养殖形态豹纹斑马鱼相同；（ii）珍珠斑马鱼（金线丹）与斑马鱼的亲缘关系比巨斑马鱼（等鳍丹）更近；（iii）波鱼属（异形波鱼、三线波鱼、美丽波鱼、少孔波鱼、背眼波鱼）的物种与鲤科属的亲缘关系比无须魮属（四带无须魮、科氏无须魮）和鲤属（鲤鱼）的成员更近。所有这些物种在水族贸易中都很容易获得，易于圈养繁殖，并且适合进行发育研究。希望这种分子系统发育将促使发育生物学家使用比较方法，在系统发育背景下探讨斑马鱼发育生物学的功能（如细胞和遗传方面）及进化问题。
