McBee G W, Justice B
J Psychol. 1977 Jan;95(1st Half):67-75. doi: 10.1080/00223980.1977.9915862.
The purpose of this study was to investigate how interviewer behavior affects information obtained from a respondent during an interview. The five factors of interviewer behavior that were studied were social reinforcement, interviewer disclosure, verbal modeling, interviewer dress, and seating arrangement. The dependent variable was the number of symptoms reported on the 22-item Mental Health Inventory. A total of 128 male and female adult patients under treatment for mental illness were interviewed under procedures using all combinations of the five factors. Control of patient sex, age, ethnicity, and education was effected through the use of a balanced design. The results demonstrated that the behavior of the interviewer influenced the respondent's report of psychiatric symptoms. The largest number of psychiatric symptoms were reported when the interviewer gave social reinforcement while wearing a lab coat and sitting across a desk from the respondent.
本研究的目的是调查访谈者行为如何影响访谈过程中从受访者那里获得的信息。所研究的访谈者行为的五个因素是社会强化、访谈者自我表露、言语示范、访谈者着装和座位安排。因变量是在22项心理健康量表上报告的症状数量。按照使用这五个因素的所有组合的程序，对总共128名正在接受精神疾病治疗的成年男女患者进行了访谈。通过采用平衡设计对患者的性别、年龄、种族和教育程度进行了控制。结果表明，访谈者的行为会影响受访者对精神症状的报告。当访谈者穿着实验室工作服并坐在桌子对面给予受访者社会强化时，报告的精神症状数量最多。
