Bates P, Young J A, Varmus H E
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco 94143-0502.
Cell. 1993 Sep 24;74(6):1043-51. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(93)90726-7.
Cellular receptors are required for efficient entry of retroviruses into cells. We previously cloned a chicken gene responsible for susceptibility to the retrovirus subgroup A Rous sarcoma virus (RSV(A)). Here we have isolated the quail homolog and generated two alternatively spliced processed genes encoding cellular receptors for RSV(A). Predicted products of the processed genes appear to be small membrane-associated proteins with identical 83 amino acid extracellular domains but different membrane anchors. Within the extracellular domain is a region closely related to the ligand-binding repeat of the low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR). Expression of either processed gene renders mammalian cells specifically susceptible to RSV(A). Antibodies directed against the receptor block subgroup A infection of avian cells via endogenous receptors and have no effect on entry of other RSV subgroups. Thus, small LDLR-related proteins are cellular receptors for RSV(A).
逆转录病毒高效进入细胞需要细胞受体。我们之前克隆了一个与对逆转录病毒A亚群劳氏肉瘤病毒（RSV(A)）易感性相关的鸡基因。在此，我们分离出了鹌鹑同源基因，并产生了两个选择性剪接的加工基因，它们编码RSV(A)的细胞受体。加工基因的预测产物似乎是小的膜相关蛋白，具有相同的83个氨基酸的细胞外结构域，但膜锚不同。在细胞外结构域内有一个与低密度脂蛋白受体（LDLR）的配体结合重复序列密切相关的区域。任一加工基因的表达都会使哺乳动物细胞对RSV(A)产生特异性易感性。针对该受体的抗体可通过内源性受体阻断禽细胞的A亚群感染，而对其他RSV亚群的进入没有影响。因此，小的LDLR相关蛋白是RSV(A)的细胞受体。
