Lobel T E, Bempechat J, Gewirtz J C, Shoken-Topaz T, Bashe E
Department of Psychology, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel.
Child Dev. 1993 Aug;64(4):1285-94.
The major purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a target child's gender typicality on different aspects of preadolescents' inferences and judgments. The secondary purpose of the study was to investigate the relation between children's self-endorsement of traits and their inferences and judgments. Fifth and sixth graders were shown a video film, portraying a child playing either a gender-appropriate game with members of the same sex or a gender-inappropriate game with members of the other sex. In addition, subjects completed an adapted version of the BSRI and were categorized into sex-typed, androgynous, and undifferentiated subjects. Subjects made a number of different types of judgments and inferences about the target, including inferences about traits, popularity, choice of gift and name, and willingness to engage in activities with the target. All types of inferences and judgments were affected by the variations in the targets' gender-related behaviors, whereas self-endorsement of traits was not related to the inferences and judgments. The results suggest that the gender typicality of the target behavior is salient to preadolescents, regardless of their sex-role orientation.
本研究的主要目的是考察目标儿童的性别典型性对青春期前儿童推理和判断不同方面的影响。该研究的次要目的是调查儿童对特质的自我认同与其推理和判断之间的关系。向五年级和六年级学生播放了一段视频，视频中描绘了一个孩子与同性成员玩适合性别的游戏，或者与异性成员玩不适合性别的游戏。此外，受试者完成了一份改编版的贝姆性别角色量表，并被分为性别类型化、双性化和未分化的受试者。受试者对目标做出了许多不同类型的判断和推理，包括对特质、受欢迎程度、礼物和名字的选择，以及与目标一起参与活动的意愿。所有类型的推理和判断都受到目标性别相关行为变化的影响，而特质的自我认同与推理和判断无关。结果表明，目标行为的性别典型性对青春期前儿童很突出，无论他们的性别角色取向如何。
