Whipple R, Wolfson L, Derby C, Singh D, Tobin J
Department of Neurology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington.
J Gerontol. 1993 Sep;48 Spec No:71-6. doi: 10.1093/geronj/48.special_issue.71.
The effects of three different visual inputs (eyes open, eyes closed, and inaccurate) while standing on an unstable surface (respectively, UEO, UEC, UI) were compared in a group of healthy elderly community dwellers (N = 239; mean age 76) and young (N = 34; mean age 34) adults. Subjects with medical factors known to affect balance were excluded. Body sway and loss of balance measured dynamic force platform (EquiTest, NeuroCom International). Visual and somatosensory inputs were rendered inaccurate through tilting of the standing surface and/or the visual surround proportional to the subject's angle of sway (sway-referencing). The elderly group had significantly more difficulty balancing during UEC and UI, and a larger proportion lost their balance during UI. These findings are compared to those of other dynamic posturography studies in which sensory inputs were controlled. Issues of age, frailty, screening, and test protocol are addressed in order to account for differences in results among studies.
在一组健康的老年社区居民（N = 239；平均年龄76岁）和年轻成年人（N = 34；平均年龄34岁）中，比较了站在不稳定表面上（分别为UEO、UEC、UI）时三种不同视觉输入（睁眼、闭眼和不准确视觉）的影响。排除已知会影响平衡的有医学因素的受试者。使用动态力平台（EquiTest，NeuroCom International）测量身体摇摆和平衡丧失情况。通过使站立表面和/或视觉环境根据受试者的摇摆角度（摇摆参考）倾斜，使视觉和体感输入不准确。老年组在UEC和UI期间平衡困难明显更多，且在UI期间有更大比例的人失去平衡。将这些发现与其他控制了感觉输入的动态姿势描记研究结果进行比较。文中还讨论了年龄、虚弱、筛查和测试方案等问题，以解释不同研究结果之间的差异。
