Schulz A G, Van Amelsvoort J M, Beynen A C
Department of Laboratory Animal Science, State University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
J Nutr. 1993 Oct;123(10):1724-31. doi: 10.1093/jn/123.10.1724.
The effects on calcium and magnesium absorption of dietary native and retrograded cornstarch were studied in rats. Uncooked high amylose starch granules (35% of total glucose equivalents as enzyme-resistant starch) and cooked and cooled (-20 degrees C) high amylose starch (24% of total glucose equivalents as retrograded resistant starch) were used as test starches, and cooked normal starch (3% of total glucose equivalents as resistant starch) was used as control starch. Native vs. control starch raised the amount of polymerized glucose in ileum, but not in feces. Retrograded starch produced more polymerized glucose than control starch in both ileum and feces. When compared with control starch, ileal pH was significantly lowered by native starch and tended to be raised by retrograded starch. Cecal pH was lowered by the two preparations rich in resistant starch. Apparent absorption of calcium and magnesium was raised by native starch but not by retrograded resistant starch. Calcium concentrations in the liquid phase of the ileum tended to be elevated by native starch but were significantly lowered by retrograded starch relative to control starch. Magnesium and calcium concentrations in liquid cecal contents tended to be raised with native starch; they were unchanged with retrograded starch. It is suggested that native resistant starch raised calcium and magnesium absorption because it tended to enhance the solubility of these minerals in ileal and cecal digesta.
在大鼠中研究了膳食中天然和回生玉米淀粉对钙和镁吸收的影响。未煮熟的高直链淀粉颗粒（占总葡萄糖当量的35%为抗酶解淀粉）以及煮熟并冷却至-20℃的高直链淀粉（占总葡萄糖当量的24%为回生抗酶解淀粉）用作试验淀粉，煮熟的普通淀粉（占总葡萄糖当量的3%为抗酶解淀粉）用作对照淀粉。与对照淀粉相比，天然淀粉增加了回肠中聚合葡萄糖的量，但粪便中没有。回生淀粉在回肠和粪便中产生的聚合葡萄糖均比对照淀粉多。与对照淀粉相比，天然淀粉显著降低了回肠pH值，回生淀粉则使其有升高趋势。富含抗酶解淀粉的两种制剂均降低了盲肠pH值。天然淀粉提高了钙和镁的表观吸收率，但回生抗酶解淀粉没有。相对于对照淀粉，天然淀粉使回肠液相中的钙浓度有升高趋势，但回生淀粉使其显著降低。盲肠内容物液相中的镁和钙浓度随天然淀粉增加；随回生淀粉则无变化。研究表明，天然抗酶解淀粉提高了钙和镁的吸收率，因为它倾向于提高这些矿物质在回肠和盲肠消化物中的溶解度。
