Kuipers H M, Hoefnagels W H, van Lier H J
Academisch Ziekenhuis, afd. Geriatrie, Nijmegen.
Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 1993 Oct 2;137(40):2043-8.
To investigate the effect of early identification of hospitalised patients with an increased risk of falling and of preventive measures on the frequency of falling.
Ten medical units (two neurology, five internal medicine, three surgery; 276 beds) in the St. Radboud Hospital in Nijmegen.
In a first case control study (5 months), a slightly modified falling risk index of Innes and Turman was validated. In a following (5.5 months) study period the index was computed for every hospitalised patient. Preventive measures were used in patients with a high score. The numbers of falls in both study periods were compared. All falls were carefully documented.
High scores on the index were significantly associated with falls (p < 0.001). In both study periods (1 and 2) sensitivity (87% and 89%) and specificity (82% and 74%) of the index were high. A significant reduction in fall rate, 86 falls in period 1 versus 66 in period 2, was achieved, (corrected for number of patients and patient days).
The modified index is a useful instrument for early identification of patients with a substantial risk of falling in the hospital. Early risk identification and preventive measures were successful in reducing the number of falls.
调查早期识别住院患者跌倒风险增加情况及预防措施对跌倒发生率的影响。
奈梅亨圣拉德布德医院的10个医疗科室（2个神经内科、5个内科、3个外科；共276张床位）。
在第一项病例对照研究（5个月）中，对Innes和Turman的跌倒风险指数进行了略微修改并验证。在接下来的（5.5个月）研究期间，为每位住院患者计算该指数。对得分高的患者采取预防措施。比较两个研究期间的跌倒次数。所有跌倒均详细记录。
指数得分高与跌倒显著相关（p < 0.001）。在两个研究期间（1期和2期），该指数的敏感性（分别为87%和89%）和特异性（分别为82%和74%）都很高。跌倒率显著降低，1期86次跌倒，2期66次跌倒（根据患者数量和患者住院天数校正）。
修改后的指数是早期识别医院中跌倒风险高的患者的有用工具。早期风险识别和预防措施成功减少了跌倒次数。
