Carter C S, Robertson L C, Nordahl T E, O'Shora-Celaya L J, Chaderjian M C
Dept. of Psychiatry, University of California at Davis Medical Center, Sacramento 95817.
Psychiatry Res. 1993 Jul;48(1):17-26. doi: 10.1016/0165-1781(93)90109-t.
In a study using a trial by trial version of the Stroop color naming task, we previously found that unmedicated patients with schizophrenia show a pattern of abnormal performance characterized by increased facilitation (speeding) of color-naming, color-congruent words but normal amounts of interference (slowing) of color-naming, color-incongruent words (Carter et al., 1992). Since a similar finding had recently been reported in patients with Parkinson's disease, we suggested that this finding was consistent with hypotheses about the neurobiological substrates of cognitive impairment that draw upon parallel patterns of cognitive performance in the two illnesses. We now report results from an enlarged group of unmedicated patients with schizophrenia that extend our original finding by allowing us to evaluate the role of illness subtype in abnormal performance on the Stroop task. We found that patients with the undifferentiated subtype of the disorder account for the increased Stroop facilitation effect. Patients with the paranoid subtype show their own pattern of abnormal performance, with normal amounts of facilitation and increased interference. These findings are consistent with the results of other studies which suggest that illness subtype is an important source of variability in studies of cognitive functioning in schizophrenia.
在一项使用逐次试验版斯特鲁普颜色命名任务的研究中，我们之前发现，未服药的精神分裂症患者表现出一种异常的表现模式，其特征为对颜色一致的词语进行颜色命名时促进作用（速度加快）增加，而对颜色不一致的词语进行颜色命名时干扰作用（速度减慢）量正常（卡特等人，1992年）。由于最近在帕金森病患者中也报告了类似的发现，我们认为这一发现与关于认知障碍神经生物学基础的假说一致，这些假说借鉴了这两种疾病中平行的认知表现模式。我们现在报告一组扩大的未服药精神分裂症患者的研究结果，通过评估疾病亚型在斯特鲁普任务异常表现中的作用，扩展了我们最初的发现。我们发现，未分化型精神分裂症患者导致了斯特鲁普促进效应增加。偏执型精神分裂症患者表现出他们自己的异常表现模式，促进作用量正常但干扰作用增加。这些发现与其他研究结果一致，这些研究表明疾病亚型是精神分裂症认知功能研究中变异性的一个重要来源。
