[Long-term neurological outcome in children with convulsions during exanthema subitum].

We examined long-term neurological outcome of 12 patients, whose first febrile seizures had occurred during exanthema subitum (ES) and who had been treated with continuous daily administration of anticonvulsant drugs. Six of 12 children had a family history of febrile or afebrile convulsions and in a sister of one patient, athetoid palsy followed the status of afebrile convulsion (AC) during ES. Twelve cases were clinically classified into four groups; (A) 2 patients in whom ACs were repeated as soon as the fever of ES had dropped, (B) 6 patients in whom frequent recurrences of febrile convulsion followed ES, showing epileptic EEG abnormalities, (C) 1 patient who had suffered from later epilepsy, (D) 3 patients who showed complex type of febrile convulsion only during ES without any EEG abnormalities. Except one patient in group (A), who showed residual hemiparesis on the left, 11 cases demonstrated normal psychomotor development, and in 5 of all 12 cases, the treatment with anti-convulsant drugs could be discontinued. Unless severe neurological sequelae are complicated, long-term prognosis is not so poor in children whose first febrile convulsion occurred during ES.