Grimby A
Department of Geriatric Medicine, Vasa Hospital, University of Göteborg, Sweden.
Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1993 Jan;87(1):72-80. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1993.tb03332.x.
Ratings of grief reactions, post-bereavement hallucinations and illusions and quality of life were made during the first year after the death of a spouse among 14 men and 36 women in their early seventies. In both sexes, the reactions were generally moderate or mild and characterized by loneliness, low mood, fatigue, anxiety and cognitive dysfunctioning. Feeling lonely was the most persistent problem during the year. Post-bereavement hallucinations or illusions were very frequent and considered helpful. Half of the subjects felt the presence of the deceased (illusions); about one third reported seeing, hearing and talking to the deceased (hallucinations). Former marital harmony was found to make a person more prone to loneliness, crying and hallucinations or illusions. The quality of life was significantly lower among the bereaved than among married people and those who never married, but equalled that found among divorcees.
对70岁出头的14名男性和36名女性在配偶去世后的第一年进行了悲伤反应、丧亲后幻觉和错觉以及生活质量的评估。在两性中，这些反应通常为中度或轻度，其特征为孤独、情绪低落、疲劳、焦虑和认知功能障碍。感到孤独是这一年中最持久的问题。丧亲后幻觉或错觉非常常见且被认为是有帮助的。一半的受试者感觉到逝者的存在（错觉）；约三分之一的人报告看到、听到逝者并与之交谈（幻觉）。研究发现，过去婚姻关系和谐会使人更容易感到孤独、哭泣以及出现幻觉或错觉。与已婚者和从未结婚者相比，丧亲者的生活质量显著较低，但与离婚者的生活质量相当。
