Speer K P, Lohnes J, Garrett W E
Sports Medicine Section, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710.
Am J Sports Med. 1993 Jan-Feb;21(1):89-95; discussion 96. doi: 10.1177/036354659302100116.
We reviewed our experience with computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging of acute muscle strain injury. We imaged 50 athletes (average age, 28 years; range, 17 to 42) who had an acute muscle strain involving either the adductor, hamstring, quadriceps, or triceps surae muscles. Computed tomography (axial imaging) was used from 1982 to 1987 for 27 athletes. Spin-echo magnetic resonance imaging (axial, coronal, sagittal imaging) was used from 1987 to 1991 for 23 athletes. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging localize the strain injury to a single muscle within a group of synergists; the adductor longus, rectus femoris, and medial head of gastrocnemius muscles are most prone to strain injury. A disruption occurs predictably at the myotendinous junction; fluid collects at the disruption site and dissects along the epimysium and subcutis. Muscle tissue remote from the myotendinous junction clearly demonstrates extensive injury with abundant magnetic resonance imaging signal changes consistent with edema and inflammation. Follow-up computed tomographic and magnetic resonance imaging studies can clearly demonstrate atrophy, fibrosis, and calcium deposition.
我们回顾了计算机断层扫描（CT）和磁共振成像（MRI）在急性肌肉拉伤损伤中的应用经验。我们对50名运动员（平均年龄28岁，范围17至42岁）进行了成像检查，这些运动员患有涉及内收肌、腘绳肌、股四头肌或小腿三头肌的急性肌肉拉伤。1982年至1987年，对27名运动员使用了计算机断层扫描（轴向成像）。1987年至1991年，对23名运动员使用了自旋回波磁共振成像（轴向、冠状面、矢状面成像）。CT和MRI将拉伤损伤定位在一组协同肌中的单个肌肉；长收肌、股直肌和腓肠肌内侧头最容易发生拉伤损伤。在肌腱结合处可预测地发生断裂；液体在断裂部位聚集，并沿肌外膜和皮下组织扩散。远离肌腱结合处的肌肉组织在磁共振成像上明显显示出广泛损伤，有大量与水肿和炎症一致的信号变化。后续的CT和MRI研究可以清楚地显示萎缩、纤维化和钙沉积。
