Enhancement of tumor-liver contrast-to-noise ratio with gadobenate dimeglumine in MR imaging of rats.

The efficacy for tumor detection of the hepatocyte-specific contrast agent gadobenate dimeglumine (gadolinium-BOPTA/Dimeg) was evaluated in four different experimental tumor models in rats. Histologic findings were correlated with quantitative data derived from ex vivo relaxometry and in vivo magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Noninfiltrating tumors showed maximal enhancement of liver parenchyma 5-10 minutes after contrast agent administration, with a plateau over the next 30 minutes. In contrast, infiltrating tumors, which caused hepatocellular injury and inflammatory changes, delayed maximal enhancement of tumor-free parenchyma by 15-20 minutes. Nonspecific tumor enhancement depended on tumor vascularity and occurred in the early phase after contrast agent administration. Despite differences in specific enhancement of tumor-free parenchyma and nonspecific tumor enhancement, tumor-liver contrast-to-noise ratios increased 96%-248% in all tumor models 30 minutes after intravenous administration of 75 mmol/kg Gd-BOPTA/Dimeg. Gd-BOPTA/Dimeg enhanced tumor conspicuity independently of the histologic characteristics of the tumor.