Dain S J
School of Optometry, University of New South Wales, Australia.
Optom Vis Sci. 1993 Jan;70(1):66-74. doi: 10.1097/00006324-199301000-00011.
There are four national standards on nonprescription sunglasses and two international draft standards at different levels of development and activity. The variation in test specifications and pass/fail criteria among the national standards makes comparisons difficult and agreement on international standards slow. Arguments about the relative stringency of standards may be, as a consequence, ill-informed and self-defeating. In this study I compared the requirements of the four national sunglass standards and then the compliance of 253 sunglass and fashion spectacle lenses with the standards in the erythemal ultraviolet (UV), near UV, luminous transmittance, and coloration. The methods and criteria of the four standards vary quite substantially but the lenses failing to comply are frequently the same. The differences and similarities among the standards are clearly demonstrated. In the erythemal UV, the standards form two pairs in their stringency (Australian and British Standards as against German and U.S. Standards). In the near UV, the British Standard stands out as being more stringent. In the luminous transmittance region there is a basic agreement. In coloration requirements, even though there is extreme variation of methods, these too provide very similar results. The U.S. requirements on signal transmittance do not serve a useful function. Some comments on the differences in labeling requirements are made.
目前有四项关于非处方太阳镜的国家标准以及两项处于不同制定和实施阶段的国际标准草案。国家标准在测试规范和通过/不通过标准方面存在差异，这使得进行比较变得困难，也导致国际标准的达成进展缓慢。因此，关于标准相对严格程度的争论可能缺乏依据且适得其反。在本研究中，我比较了四项国家太阳镜标准的要求，然后检测了253副太阳镜和时尚眼镜镜片在红斑紫外线（UV）、近紫外线、透光率和着色方面是否符合这些标准。这四项标准的方法和标准差异相当大，但不符合标准的镜片却常常相同。标准之间的差异和相似之处得到了清晰展示。在红斑紫外线方面，这些标准在严格程度上形成了两对（澳大利亚和英国标准相对德国和美国标准）。在近紫外线方面，英国标准显得更为严格。在透光率方面存在基本共识。在着色要求方面，尽管方法差异极大，但结果也非常相似。美国对信号透光率的要求并无实际作用。文中还对标签要求的差异进行了一些评论。
