Prehospital fluid resuscitation of the trauma patient. An update on the controversies.

The most efficacious means of prehospital volume resuscitation of the trauma patient has been debated for many years; more recent discussion has questioned the indications for any prehospital resuscitation. This article reviews the various viewpoints active in each of these areas, summarizes the current status of the disputed issues, and offers suggested directions for further research.