Kozlov A P, Volkova G V, Malykh A G, Stepanova G S, Glebov A V
Bruce Rappaport Biomedical Center, St. Petersburg, Russia.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr (1988). 1993 Feb;6(2):208-12.
Overall HIV-1 prevalence in St. Petersburg (Leningrad) is extremely low (0.002%). HIV-2 infection has not been detected. The possible mode of virus entry was through sexual contacts with infected foreigners, the earliest documented date being prior to 1982. Among 25 seropositive males, 18 are homosexual and five are bisexual, suggesting that the virus is circulating within resident population of homo/bisexual males. The total incidence of new infections has not shown the type of dramatic increase noted in US gay/bisexual men in early 1980s. Information on lifestyle characterization of this indigenous population require further study to determine the future potential for spread. Among the non-Soviet population the rate is 0.01%. Highest rates occur among persons from HIV endemic areas of Africa, with rates as high as 5% and 3% among persons from Uganda and Rwanda, respectively. Rates among new entrants from Africa are lower, possibly reflecting the impact of prescreening of applicants prior to arrival in Russia. Further monitoring of high-risk populations and studies to define behavior risk pattern are planned.
圣彼得堡（列宁格勒）的总体艾滋病毒-1流行率极低（0.002%）。尚未检测到艾滋病毒-2感染。病毒可能的进入方式是通过与受感染的外国人发生性接触，最早有记录的日期早于1982年。在25名血清阳性男性中，18名是同性恋者，5名是双性恋者，这表明该病毒在同性恋/双性恋男性常住人口中传播。新感染的总发病率并未呈现出美国20世纪80年代初同性恋/双性恋男性中所出现的那种急剧上升的类型。关于这一本地人群生活方式特征的信息需要进一步研究，以确定未来的传播可能性。在非苏联人群中，这一比例为0.01%。来自非洲艾滋病毒流行地区的人群中比例最高，来自乌干达和卢旺达的人群中比例分别高达5%和3%。来自非洲的新入境者中的比例较低，这可能反映了在抵达俄罗斯之前对申请者进行预检的影响。计划对高危人群进行进一步监测，并开展研究以确定行为风险模式。
