Schnurr P P, Friedman M J, Rosenberg S D
National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, White River Junction, VT 05009.
Am J Psychiatry. 1993 Mar;150(3):479-83. doi: 10.1176/ajp.150.3.479.
The authors used data collected before military service to assess predictors of combat-related lifetime symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
The subjects were 131 male Vietnam and Vietnam-era veterans who had taken the MMPI in college and who were interviewed as adults with the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R. Scores on the basic MMPI scales were used to predict combat exposure, lifetime history of any PTSD symptoms given exposure, and lifetime PTSD classification (symptoms only, subthreshold PTSD, or full PTSD).
Group means on the MMPI scales were within the normal range. No scale predicted combat exposure. Hypochondriasis, psychopathic deviate, masculinity-femininity, and paranoia scales predicted PTSD symptoms. Depression, hypomania, and social introversion predicted diagnostic classification among subjects with PTSD symptoms. The effects persisted when amount of combat exposure was controlled for.
Pre-military personality can affect vulnerability to lifetime PTSD symptoms in men exposed to combat.
作者利用服役前收集的数据来评估与战斗相关的创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）终生症状的预测因素。
研究对象为131名越南战争及越战时期的男性退伍军人，他们在大学时接受过明尼苏达多相人格测验（MMPI），成年后接受了针对《精神疾病诊断与统计手册第三版修订版》（DSM-III-R）的结构化临床访谈。MMPI基本量表的得分用于预测战斗暴露情况、有暴露经历时PTSD症状的终生史以及PTSD的终生分类（仅症状、阈下PTSD或完全PTSD）。
MMPI量表的组均值在正常范围内。没有量表能预测战斗暴露情况。疑病、精神病态偏差、男性化-女性化及偏执量表能预测PTSD症状。抑郁、轻躁狂及社会内向性量表能预测有PTSD症状的受试者的诊断分类。在控制了战斗暴露量后，这些效应依然存在。
入伍前的人格特质会影响经历战斗的男性患PTSD终生症状的易感性。
