Pfafferott I
Bundesanstalt für Strassenwesen Abteilung, Verhalten und Sicherheit im Verkehr, Bergisch Gladbach.
Blutalkohol. 1993 Jan;30(1):21-8.
Within the framework of a comparative cross-national study led by INRETS, France, in 1991/92, representative surveys of drivers were conducted in 15 European countries. The survey covered a wide spectrum of biographical driver data as well as opinions and attitudes to practically all subjects of road traffic. In this context, the "drinking and driving" subject was of special interest. A comparison was made between drivers from 10 countries with a legal BAC limit of 0.08% and drivers from 5 countries with a legal BAC limit of or under 0.05%. Drivers from countries with a legal BAC limit below 0.08% state more often that they never drive after drinking even a small amount of alcohol; have been stopped and breathalysed by the police on at least one occasion; expect to be stopped and breathalysed by the police on a typical journey. They further advocate more breath tests by the police in their country and harsher penalties for drivers found to be over the limit. Where low legal BAC limits are in force, they are accepted in most cases. The extent to which these basically positive attitudes may also be relevant on the traffic scene, cannot be answered based on this survey alone. It is common knowledge that opinions and attitudes represent only one determining factor of a whole complex of factors influencing behaviour.
在法国国家道路与运输研究院(INRETS)于1991年至1992年主导的一项跨国比较研究框架内,对15个欧洲国家的驾驶员进行了代表性调查。该调查涵盖了广泛的驾驶员个人资料数据,以及对几乎所有道路交通主题的意见和态度。在此背景下,“酒后驾车”主题备受关注。对来自10个法定血液酒精浓度(BAC)限制为0.08%的国家的驾驶员与来自5个法定BAC限制为0.05%及以下的国家的驾驶员进行了比较。来自法定BAC限制低于0.08%国家的驾驶员更常表示,他们即使只喝了少量酒也从不酒后驾车;至少有一次被警察拦下并进行呼气酒精测试;预计在一次典型行程中会被警察拦下并进行呼气酒精测试。他们还主张本国警察增加呼气测试次数,并对被发现超过法定限制的驾驶员处以更严厉的处罚。在法定BAC限制较低的地方,大多数情况下人们都能接受。仅基于这项调查无法回答这些基本积极的态度在交通场景中可能具有多大相关性。众所周知,意见和态度只是影响行为的一整套复杂因素中的一个决定因素。