Martín Puerto M J, Gómez Castillo E, Pascual Patrao M, Pallás Alonso C
Servicio de Neonatología, Hospital Materno-Infantil 12 de Octubre, Madrid.
An Esp Pediatr. 1993 Jan;38(1):20-4.
The object of this study was to determine whether the hospital stay could be reduced in low birth weight infants without any risk. A prospective, controlled and randomized study has been made with 80 newborn infants with birth weights < or = 2.000 gm. The infants of the experimental group (n = 40) were discharged with weights < or = 2.000 gm and the control group (n = 40) were discharged with weights > or = 2.000 gm. Both groups showed similar social, economic, perinatal and postnatal conditions. We have found significant advantages in the experimental group such as: reducing the period of hospitalization (p = 0.005), greater weight increase (p < 0.001), a longer breast feeding period (p = 0.02) and a 29% reduction in expenditures. The follow-up shows that there are no significant differences between the groups regarding morbidity, mortality, growth or psychomotor development. We conclude that there are no disadvantages, but considerable advantages, in early discharge of low birth weight infants.
本研究的目的是确定低出生体重儿的住院时间能否在无任何风险的情况下缩短。我们对80名出生体重≤2000克的新生儿进行了一项前瞻性、对照和随机研究。实验组（n = 40）的婴儿在体重≤2000克时出院，对照组（n = 40）的婴儿在体重≥2000克时出院。两组在社会、经济、围产期和产后状况方面相似。我们发现实验组有显著优势，如：缩短住院时间（p = 0.005）、体重增加更多（p < 0.001）、母乳喂养时间更长（p = 0.02）以及费用降低29%。随访显示，两组在发病率、死亡率、生长或心理运动发育方面无显著差异。我们得出结论，低出生体重儿早期出院没有弊端，反而有诸多益处。
