Catalano P J, Eden A R
Department of Otolaryngology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY.
Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1993 Feb;108(2):111-6. doi: 10.1177/019459989310800202.
Traditional middle fossa landmarks, such as the facial hiatus and arcuate eminence, are often unreliable. This study was performed to establish an external reference from which to identify precisely the surgical anatomy of the middle fossa. The head of the malleus was identified from the middle fossa in the temporal bones of 20 adults. The lateral cortex of the temporal squamosa at the zygomatic root was used as the external plane of reference. The head of the malleus was consistently located 18 mm medial to the outer cortex on a line perpendicular to the reference plane. Medial extension of this line through the malleus head bisected the internal auditory canal. We recommend this method to precisely locate the malleus head as the first landmark in the middle fossa. Other structures, such as the geniculate ganglion, internal auditory canal, and superior semicircular canal can then be safely identified. We also present our results using this technique in six consecutive patients undergoing middle fossa surgery during the past 12 months.
传统的中颅窝标志，如面神经裂孔和弓状隆起，往往不可靠。本研究旨在建立一个外部参考点，以便精确识别中颅窝的手术解剖结构。在20具成人颞骨的中颅窝中识别锤骨头。颧根处颞鳞的外侧皮质用作外部参考平面。锤骨头始终位于与参考平面垂直的线上，距外侧皮质内侧18毫米处。这条线通过锤骨头向内侧延伸，将内耳道平分。我们推荐使用这种方法精确确定锤骨头的位置，作为中颅窝的第一个标志。然后可以安全地识别其他结构，如膝状神经节、内耳道和上半规管。我们还展示了在过去12个月中连续6例接受中颅窝手术的患者使用该技术的结果。
