Tanaka K, Takechi M, Nishimura S, Oguma N, Kamada N
Department of Hematology, Hiroshima University, Japan.
Leukemia. 1993 Mar;7(3):469-71.
Two patients with acute myelocytic leukemia (AML) showing double minute (dmin) chromosomes were analysed to identify oncogene activation. Cytogenetic analysis showed 1-53 dmin chromosomes with the normal karyotype in the first patient and 1-84 dmin chromosomes with complex chromosome aberrations. Analysis of DNA from two patients revealed five- to tenfold amplification of c-MYC oncogene in the leukemic cells. The other sixteen oncogenes studied showed no increase in the gene content. Furthermore, a transforming gene, N-RAS was detected in the first patient by nude mouse tumorigenicity assay (in vivo selection assay). These results suggest that the amplification of c-MYC gene is common in dmin-positive AML patients and co-ordination of c-MYC and N-RAS oncogene might also play a significant role in the pathogenesis of some AML patients.
对两名患有急性髓细胞白血病（AML）且显示双微体（dmin）染色体的患者进行分析以确定癌基因激活情况。细胞遗传学分析显示，第一名患者的正常核型中有1至53条dmin染色体，第二名患者有1至84条dmin染色体且伴有复杂的染色体畸变。对两名患者的DNA分析显示，白血病细胞中c-MYC癌基因有5至10倍的扩增。所研究的其他16种癌基因的基因含量未增加。此外，通过裸鼠致瘤性试验（体内筛选试验）在第一名患者中检测到一个转化基因N-RAS。这些结果表明，c-MYC基因扩增在dmin阳性AML患者中很常见，并且c-MYC和N-RAS癌基因的协同作用可能在某些AML患者的发病机制中也起重要作用。
