Nemecek J R, Young V L, Lopez M J
Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63141.
Mo Med. 1993 Mar;90(3):136-40.
This article reviews the current state of knowledge regarding factors which put women at highest risk for developing breast cancer and identifies that population we consider as potential candidates for prophylactic mastectomy. Specifically, we focus on the concept of cumulative predisposition and the relative risk assigned to more significant factors that increase a woman's chances of developing breast cancer: family history, proliferative breast histology, and previous cancer in one breast. In addition to outlining the results of reconstruction, the article also examines the controversy surrounding the issue of whether any mastectomy can be truly prophylactic. We conclude with advice to physicians who must counsel women concerned about their breast cancer risk so they can help their patients make fully informed choices.
本文回顾了有关使女性患乳腺癌风险最高的因素的当前知识状况，并确定了我们认为可作为预防性乳房切除术潜在候选者的人群。具体而言，我们关注累积易感性的概念以及赋予增加女性患乳腺癌几率的更重要因素的相对风险：家族病史、增殖性乳腺组织学以及一侧乳房先前患癌情况。除了概述重建结果外，本文还探讨了围绕任何乳房切除术是否能真正起到预防作用这一问题的争议。我们最后为那些必须为担心乳腺癌风险的女性提供咨询的医生提供建议，以便他们能帮助患者做出充分知情的选择。
