Knútsdóttir S
Department of Rehabilitation and Neurology, Borgarspítalinn, Reykjavík, Iceland.
Paraplegia. 1993 Jan;31(1):68-72. doi: 10.1038/sc.1993.10.
All traumatic SCI patients in Iceland come to the Neurosurgical Department of Borgarspítalinn, the City Hospital in Reykjavík for their initial treatment. From 1973-1989, 79 (93%) were rehabilitated at Borgarspítalinn. The purpose of this study was to look at the most common complications and the social functions of SCI patients after discharge from the Rehabilitation Department. A questionnaire was sent to 59 of the 79 patients. They represent almost the whole population of the spinal cord injured population in Iceland. Forty-five patients (76.3%) answered the questionnaire, 69% male, 31% female. Sixty-seven percent were under the age of 30 years at the time of injury. Twenty-nine percent had a complete spinal cord injury; 53.3% were wheelchairbound (Frankel grade A, B, C); 55.6% were quadriplegic, and 44.4% paraplegic. The commonest complications were pain (64.4%), urinary tract infections (62.2%) and spasticity (60%); and 58% of the wheelchairbound patients had had pressure sores. Fifty-five point five percent were married; 71% had an active sexual life after the injury; 54% of the wheelchairbound patients were not quite independent and required some assistance with activities of daily living (ADL) tasks; and 29% were not working or studying compared to 11%, who were, before the injury. No significant changes were seen in social function after the injury. The results show that more emphasis must be placed on the prevention of complications such as urinary tract infections and pressure sores and on the treatment of chronic pain and spasticity.
冰岛所有创伤性脊髓损伤患者都前往雷克雅未克市立医院博尔加医院神经外科进行初始治疗。1973年至1989年期间，79名（93%）患者在博尔加医院接受了康复治疗。本研究的目的是观察脊髓损伤患者从康复科出院后的最常见并发症和社会功能。向79名患者中的59名发送了问卷。他们几乎代表了冰岛脊髓损伤患者的全部人群。45名患者（76.3%）回答了问卷，其中男性占69%，女性占31%。67%的患者在受伤时年龄在30岁以下。29%的患者为完全性脊髓损伤；53.3%的患者需要轮椅辅助（Frankel分级为A、B、C级）；55.6%的患者为四肢瘫痪，44.4%为截瘫。最常见的并发症是疼痛（64.4%）、尿路感染（62.2%）和痉挛（60%）；58%的轮椅辅助患者曾发生压疮。55.5%的患者已婚；71%的患者受伤后有活跃的性生活；54%的轮椅辅助患者在日常生活活动（ADL）任务方面不太独立，需要一些帮助；与受伤前11%仍在工作或学习的患者相比，29%的患者不再工作或学习。受伤后社会功能未见显著变化。结果表明，必须更加重视预防尿路感染和压疮等并发症，以及治疗慢性疼痛和痉挛。
