Haroutunian V, Riccio D C
Dev Psychobiol. 1977 Jan;10(1):25-32. doi: 10.1002/dev.420100105.
The role of shock and epinephrine-induced arousal in the reinstatement of learned fear was investigated in young rats. Groups of 21-day-old rats received classical fear conditioning to the black compartment of a black/white avoidance box. One week later each rat received one of a number of reinstatement conditions consisting of exposure to the apparatus cues, non-contingent foot shock, or exogenous epinephrine injections, alone or in combination. Subjects were tested for retention of spatial avoidance behavior 1 week following reinstatement. Reinstatement with epinephrine and exposure to the training contextual cues, non-contingent foot shock followed by cue exposure, and non-contingent foot shock alone were all found to be as effective as shock administered in conjunction with the cues (the same conditions as those prevailing during training). Cue exposure alone and epinephrine injections without the training cues were ineffective reinstating agents.
在幼鼠中研究了休克和肾上腺素诱导的唤醒在习得性恐惧恢复中的作用。将21日龄的大鼠分组，对黑白回避箱的黑色隔室进行经典恐惧条件反射。一周后，每只大鼠接受多种恢复条件之一，包括单独或联合暴露于仪器线索、非条件性足部电击或外源性肾上腺素注射。在恢复后1周对受试者进行空间回避行为保持测试。发现肾上腺素恢复、暴露于训练情境线索、非条件性足部电击后再暴露于线索以及单独的非条件性足部电击，都与与线索一起给予电击（与训练期间相同的条件）一样有效。单独的线索暴露和没有训练线索的肾上腺素注射是无效的恢复剂。
